Research Methods Dersi 4. Ünite Sorularla Öğrenelim

What kind of phenomena does phenomenology research design focus on?

This design focuses on phenomena which participants are aware of but do not have enough in-depth and comprehensive understanding about.

In what terms do descriptive phenomenology and interpretive phenomenology approaches differ from each other?

Although these two approaches aim to dig out personal experiences about a phenomenon, they differ in terms of viewpoint and focal point. Descriptive phenomenology suggests that human behaviors are influenced by anything that is perceived real, and therefore they should be described in order to understand human motives. On the other hand, interpretive phenomenology focuses on meanings embedded in individuals’ lives rather than simple definitions of concepts and their qualities.

What kind of research can be frequently employed for studies within the field of IR in terms of phenomenological research? 

Phenomenological research is frequently employed for studies within the field of IR. For example, policies developed for the field can be examined in terms of international treaties and experiences of individuals that compromise the society. In this sense, phenomenological research can be utilized to depict the current status of available arrangements in IR and to devise propositions that could improve the process.

What does case study refer to?

Case study refers to examination of a case in real life (context) when the boundaries between an event and its context are obscure. It also is close examination of an event or phenomenon in its context in a given time-period.

What does sensitivity to natural environment refer to?

Sensitivity to natural environment refers to the condition that the focal phenomenon/phenomena or event(s) of a qualitative research has/have to be examined in their natural environment, or context.

What does a qualitative research process starts with?

Any qualitative research process starts with identification of the research topic, phenomenon, or problem.

How does unstructured interview differ from the other two interview types?

Unlike the other two types, unstructured interview is based on natural flow of interaction during which questions are raised, and it is almost never predetermined where the course of conversation will steer during an unstructured interview. In this type, the researcher does no employ pre-written questions, and the interview is based on exploration. 

In what case can snowball sampling be utilized?

If the research aims to determine the experiences of a group, not individuals, then snowball sampling can be utilized.

What is ethnography is a research design in terms of the role of a research designer?

Ethnography is a research design where a researcher analyzes common behaviors, language, and action models of an intact culture within their natural environment during a long time-span.

What does rigor refer to in qualitative research method?

Rigor refers to assessing quality and accuracy of research processes and conclusions.

What does credibility (consistency) mean as a criterion in research?

Credibility (consistency) is another criterion for rigor. Credibility means that data collected during a research process will yield the same results if recollected and undergone the same steps.

What are the contributions that narrative inquiry design brings into IR?

Narrative inquiry design can bring significant contributions into IR. One of these contributions is the potential that narrative inquiries bear to comprehensively analyze the events or phenomena and their institutional operations. Besides, obtained results may produce significant information for development and policy formation.

What does phenomenology as a research design aim to study?

Phenomenology as a research design aims to study participants’ experiences about a phenomenon they define.

What are the basic features of qualitative research methods?

Its basic features can be listed as follows: sensitivity to natural environment, participatory role of the researcher, holistic approach, identifying the perceptions, flexibility in research design, and inductive analysis.

What is the primary focus of theorizing and testing case studies?

Primary focus of theorizing and testing case studies is collection of empirical data for a theory whose effectiveness is still blurry.

What does a researcher in a grounded theory try to explore?

The researcher in a grounded theory tries to explore participants’ social processes, behavioral patterns, acceptances, and meanings. In other words, researchers focus on a process or action that has a different step or phase formed in time.

What does triangulation refer to in qualitative research?

In qualitative research, triangulation refers to the use of more than one method in order to study, define, and explain the problem as comprehensively as possible and to establish necessary credibility (reliability) and validity.

What are the advantages of employing documents in a research?

Employing documents as a data collection technique in a qualitative research may produce the following advantages: Variety in data collection, aid to other data collection techniques, quick access, direct focus onto the topic, low costs.

What does a researcher aspire to explore in narrative inquiry?

Narrative inquiry is a study design where the researcher analyzes individuals’ lives and asks for life stories about their lives. Accordingly, a researcher aspires to explore in narrative inquiry are the participants’ experiences.

What does the final step of a qualitative research process include?

The final step of a qualitative research process is reporting, which includes the following sections: theoretical background, method, findings, and results. In reporting step, themes, categories, and digital data are utilized; findings are related with the relevant literature; results are discussed, and suggestions are made.